The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are targets for global development that were adopted in 2015. All countries have agreed to work towards achieving them.
Our World in Data team (2023) - "SDG Tracker: Measuring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/sdgs' [Online Resource]
7 targets and 13 indicators has been defined for SDG 01. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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1.2 Reduce poverty by at least 50%
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1.4 Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology, and economic resources
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1.5 Build resilience to environmental, economic, and social disasters
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1.a Mobilization of resources to end poverty
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1.b Policy frameworks for poverty eradication
8 targets and 13 indicators has been defined for SDG 02. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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2.1 Universal access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food
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2.2 End all forms of malnutrition
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2.3 Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers
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2.4 Sustainable food production, and Resilient Agricultural practices
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2.5 Maintain the genetic diversity in food production
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2.a Invest in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology, and gene banks
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2.b Prevent agricultural trade restrictions, market distortions, and export subsidies
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2.c Ensure stable food commodity markets, and timely access to information
13 targets and 28 indicators has been defined for SDG 03. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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3.1 Reduce maternal mortality
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3.2 End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age
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3.3 Fight communicable diseases
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3.4 Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health
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3.5 Prevent and treat substance abuse
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3.6 Reduce road injuries and deaths
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3.7 Universal access to sexual and reproductive care, family planning, and education
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3.8 Achieve universal health coverage
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3.9 Reduce illnesses and deaths from hazardous chemicals and pollution
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3.a Implement the WHO framework convention on tobacco control
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3.b Support research, development, and access to affordable vaccines and medicines
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3.c Increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries
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3.d Improve early warning systems for global health risks
8 targets and 11 indicators hav been defined for SDG 06. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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6.1 Safe and affordable drinking water
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6.2 End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene
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6.3 Improve water quality, wastewater treatment and safe reuse
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6.4 Increase water use efficiency and ensure freshwater supplies
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6.5 Implement integrated water resources management
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6.6 Protect and restore water-related ecosystems
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6.a Expand water and sanitation support to developing countries
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6.b Support local engagement in water and sanitation management
9 targets and 14 indicators has been defined for SDG 05. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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5.2 End all violence against and exploitation of women and girls
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5.3 Eliminate forced marriages and genital mutilation
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5.4 Value unpaid care and promote shared domestic responsibilities
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5.5 Ensure full participation in leadership and decision-making
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5.6 Universal access to reproductive rights and health
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5.a Equal rights to economic resources, property ownership and financial services
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5.b Promote empowerment of women through technology
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5.c Adopt and strengthen policies and enforceable legislation for gender equality
10 targets and 21 indicators has been defined for SDG 04. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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4.1 Free primary and secondary education
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4.2 Equal access to quality pre-primary education
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4.3 Equal access to affordable technical, vocational and higher education
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4.4 Increase the number of people with relevant skills for financial success
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4.5 Eliminate all discrimination in education
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4.6 Universal literacy and numeracy
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4.7 Education for sustainable development and global citizenship
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4.a Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools
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4.b Expand higher education scholarships for developing countries
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4.c Increase the supply of qualified teachers in developing countries
10 targets and 14 indicators has been defined for SDG 10. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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10.2 Promote universal social, economic, and political inclusion
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10.3 Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination
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10.4 Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality
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10.5 Improved regulation of global financial markets and institutions
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10.6 Enhanced representation for developing countries in financial institutions
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10.7 Responsible and well-managed migration policies
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10.a Special and differential treatment for developing countries
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10.b Encourage development assistance and investment in least developed countries
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10.c Reduce transaction costs for migrant remittances
8 targets and 12 indicators has been defined for SDG 09. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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9.1 Develop sustainable, resilient, and inclusive infrastructures
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9.2 Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization
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9.3 Increase access to financial services and markets
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9.4 Upgrade all industries and infrastructures for sustainability
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9.5 Enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies
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9.a Facilitate sustainable infrastructure development for developing countries
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9.b Support domestic technology development and industrial diversification
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9.c Universal access to information and communications technology
12 targets and 16 indicators has been defined for SDG 08. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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8.2 Diversify, innovate and upgrade for economic productivity
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8.3 Promote policies to support job creation and growing enterprises
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8.4 Improve resource efficiency in consumption and production
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8.6 Promote youth employment, education and training
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8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe working environments
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8.9 Promote beneficial and sustainable tourism
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8.10 Universal access to banking, insurance and financial services
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8.a Increase aid for trade support
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8.b Develop a global youth employment strategy
5 targets and 6 indicators have been defined for SDG 07. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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7.1 Universal access to modern energy
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7.2 Increase global percentage of renewable energy
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7.3 Double the improvement in energy efficiency
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7.a Promote access, technology and investments in clean energy
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7.b Expand and upgrade energy services for developing countries
19 targets and 25 indicators has been defined for SDG 17. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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17.1 Mobilize resources to improve domestic revenue collection
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17.2 Implement all development assistance commitments
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17.3 Mobilize financial resources for developing countries
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17.4 Assist developing countries in attaining debt sustainability
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17.5 Invest in least-developed countries
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17.6 Knowledge sharing and cooperation for access to science, technology, and innovation
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17.7 Promote sustainable technologies to developing countries
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17.8 Strengthen science, technology, and innovation capacity for least-developed countries
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17.9 Enhanced SDG capacity in developing countries
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17.10 Promote a universal trading system under the WTO
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17.11 Increase the exports of developing countries
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17.12 Remove trade barriers for least-developed countries
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17.13 Enhance global macroeconomic stability
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17.14 Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development
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17.15 Respect national leadership to implement policies for sustainable development
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17.16 Enhance the global partnership for sustainable development
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17.17 Encourage effective partnerships
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17.18 Enhance availability of reliable data
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17.19 Further develop measurements of progress
12 targets and 23 indicators has been defined for SDG 16. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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16.1 Reduce violence everywhere
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16.2 Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence
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16.3 Promote the rule of law and ensure equal access to justice
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16.4 Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows
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16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery
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16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions
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16.7 Ensure responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making
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16.8 Strengthen the participation in global governance
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16.9 Provide universal legal identity
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16.10 Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms
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16.a Strengthen national institutions to prevent violence and combat crime and terrorism
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16.b Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies
12 targets and 14 indicators has been defined for SDG 15. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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15.1 Conserve and restore terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems
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15.2 End deforestation and restore degraded forests
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15.3 End desertification and restore degraded land
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15.4 Ensure conservation of mountain ecosystems
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15.5 Protect biodiversity and natural habitats
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15.6 Protect access to genetic resources and fair sharing of the benefits
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15.7 Eliminate poaching and trafficking of protected species
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15.8 Prevent invasive alien species on land and in water ecosystems
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15.9 Integrate ecosystem and biodiversity in governmental planning
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15.a Increase financial resources to conserve and sustainably use ecosystem and biodiversity
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15.b Finance and incentivize sustainable forest management
10 targets and 10 indicators has been defined for SDG 14. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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14.1 Reduce marine pollution
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14.2 Protect and restore ecosystems
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14.3 Reduce ocean acidification
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14.4 Sustainable fishing
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14.5 Conserve coastal and marine areas
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14.6 End subsidies contributing to overfishing and illegal fishing
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14.7 Increase the economic benefits from sustainable use of marine resources
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14.a Increase scientific knowledge, research, and technology for ocean health
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14.b Support small scale fishers
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14.c Implement and enforce international sea law
5 targets and 8 indicators has been defined for SDG 13. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related disasters
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13.2 Integrate climate change measures into policy and planning
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13.3 Build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change
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13.a Implement the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
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13.b Promote mechanisms to raise capacity for planning and management
11 targets and 13 indicators has been defined for SDG 12. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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12.1 Implement the 10-year sustainable consumption and production framework
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12.2 Sustainable management and use of natural resources
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12.3 Halve global per capita food waste
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12.4 Responsible management of chemicals and waste
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12.5 Substantially reduce waste generation
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12.6 Encourage companies to adopt sustainable practices and sustainability reporting
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12.7 Promote sustainable public procurement practices
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12.8 Promote universal understanding of sustainable lifestyles
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12.a Support developing countries' scientific and technological capacity for sustainable consumption and production
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12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable tourism
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12.c Remove market distortions that encourage wasteful consumption
10 targets and 16 indicators has been defined for SDG 11. Targets specify the goals, and indicators represent the metrics by which the authorities tracks whether these targets are achieved.
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11.2 Affordable and sustainable transport systems
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11.3 Inclusive and sustainable urbanization
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11.4 Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage
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11.5 Reduce the adverse effects of natural disasters
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11.6 Reduce the environmental impacts of cities
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11.7 Provide access to safe and inclusive green and public spaces
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11.a Strong national and regional development planning
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11.b Implement policies for inclusion, resource efficiency and disaster risk reduction
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11.c ...... under Development